Non-material culture includes belief systems, practices, values, and traditions, but not which of the following?

• A. Clothing
• B. Beliefs
• C. Traditions
• D. Values

Answer: (A)

Non-material culture consists of intangible ideas and practices that shape how people think and behave, such as beliefs, values, traditions, and practices. Clothing, however, is a tangible object you can touch and wear, so it belongs to material culture rather than non-material culture. It can reveal cultural identity or norms, but the item itself is a physical artifact. The other options—beliefs, traditions, and values—are ideas and shared meanings, not physical objects, so they fit non-material culture.